The Wise Atisha and the Goddess Tara: A Singular Relationship
The relationship between the Indian master Atisha (982–1054 CE) and the deity Tara is one of the most profound stories of spiritual connection in Tibetan Buddhism. Throughout his life, the goddess became his primary guide, a constant protector, and the source of his most precious teachings. Their relationship was so intense that Tara would appear to him in visions and dreams to guide him, especially at the most important moments of his life, such as the following:
– Renouncing the kingdom: When Atisha was a prince, his parents tried to marry him off, but Tara appeared to him, urging him not to cling to the mundane world and inspiring him to seek enlightenment.
– Taking vows: At age 29, when Atisha hesitated about becoming a monk, after a vision of Tara (alongside Buddha Shakyamuni), he was convinced that this was the right decision.
– The key teaching (Bodhichitta): It is told that while Atisha was on a pilgrimage, he saw two Taras in dialogue. One asked: «What is the main practice for attaining enlightenment?» The answer was: «The practice of bodhichitta (the awakened mind), supported by love and great compassion.» This teaching marked Atisha’s religious activity until the end of his days.
– The mission to Tibet: At age 60, when Atisha hesitated to accept the king of Guge’s invitation to go to Tibet due to the dangers of such a difficult journey, he consulted Tara, who confirmed that he should go, that his life would be extended, and that it would be of great benefit to the Buddhist community and to himself.
This relationship between the wise man and the goddess had decisive consequences for Buddhism, for soon after, this religion would disappear from India, but it retained all its splendor in Tibet, largely thanks to that second diffusion of the religion led by Atisha.
– Furthermore, Atisha popularized the system of the 21 Taras, based on praises to the deity. In his method, all Taras have the same form but vary in color (white, yellow, red, etc.), symbolizing different activities such as peace or prosperity.
– The wise man wrote numerous sadhanas (rituals) and praises to Tara, such as the famous «Praise to Tara for Protection from the 8 Fears,» composed during a storm at sea.
– Massive diffusion of the cult of Tara. Atisha finally arrived in Tibet in 1042. Thanks to his work and that of his disciples (such as Dromtönpa, founder of the Kadam school), the cult of Tara became firmly rooted in Tibet, spreading to all other schools.
In essence, for Atisha, Tara was not just a muse, but a teacher and protector. She was the beacon that illuminated his crucial decisions and catalyzed the transformation of Buddhism in Tibet.
About me: I have spent 30 years in China, much of the time traveling and studying this country’s culture. My most popular research focuses on Chinese characters (Chinese Characters: An Easy Learning Method Based on Their Etymology and Evolution), Matriarchy in China (there is a book with this title), and minority cultures (The Naxi of Southwest China).
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